Negotiating Accessibility for Electronic Resources

Abstract

Accessibility of library electronic resources is a must. Its importance derives from professional ethics of librarianship, rising total costs of acquisition, and mounting legal challenges to colleges and universities that fail to provide resources accessible to users with disabilities. Library staff are responsible for ensuring the accessibility of vendor-licensed eresources. This column reviews the accessibility clauses of nine model license agreements for electronic resources. It describes terms that should go into an optimal accessibility clause and creates a composite model clause. It also provides guidance for library staff seeking to negotiate stronger accessibility language into vendor license agreements. Finally, it addresses the impact of accommodation requests on the total cost of acquiring library eresources, concluding with a call to redouble efforts to advocate for greater accessibility and educate both vendors and library staff about its importance.     

君主专制与政治抵制:早期现代英国法律语境中的《复仇者悲剧》

英国自都铎王朝后期至斯图亚特早期，立宪君主论或混合君主论者抵制君权神授论，坚持家庭是一个自治的、涉及臣民私人权益的小政府，受到自然法、古代宪法或神圣法的保护。《复仇者悲剧》中公爵王室言行映射詹姆士一世在《皇家礼物》中所宣扬的君权神授论，温迪斯兄弟俩及追随者的复仇隐含当时的政治抵制学说，公爵王室与温迪斯兄弟俩的对立象征君权神授论与普通法理论的对峙。温迪斯兄弟俩却以威胁新君为由被处死，司法斗争简约为复仇冲动，维权英雄陡变为暴徒，暴君化身为明君，这暴露出君权神授论的悖论性和剧作家含混的复仇伦理。     

孔子政法观念之再认识

作为儒家创始人的孔子,其法律思想带有一定的保守主义色彩。参照现代法学理论,形式意义上的"法",在孔子的政法观念中就是"刑";实质意义上的"法",在孔子的政法观念中则是德礼、政刑的规范体系。孔子所理解的"法"基本被限制在"刑"的范围内,而"礼"则部分承担了"法"的"规范"职能,这也是"仁政""德教"与"和谐"等孔子政法观念核心价值的立论基础。然而,当"法"不只是"刑"的时候,"仁政""德教"与"和谐"等核心价值则需要被重新审视。     

Enterprising? Disabled? The status and potential for disabled people’s microenterprise in South Korea

This article explores the position, potential and scope for self-employment and microenterprise for disabled South Koreans. The chronic barriers experienced in disabled people gaining paid work suggest that self-employment and enterprise might offer a good alternative to paid work. The self-determined nature of running a microenterprise has been shown to connect with disabled people who may not conform to standardised notions of body and brain that underpin many mainstream work contexts. Despite this promise, several barriers continue to beset disabled people’s access to micro-enterprise activity; barriers ranging from Confucian precepts, to employment protections that are geared largely towards paid employment and to the lack of training, finance and business support for disabled people starting up and sustaining microenterprise in Korea. The extension of legal protections, meaningful start-up subsidies, better business support and bridges between paid work and microenterprise are all seen as important policy correctives that would better support disabled people.     

Scientific consensus,the law,and same sex parenting outcomes

While the US Supreme Court was considering two related cases involving the constitutionality of same-sex marriage, one major question informing that decision was whether scientific research had achieved consensus regarding how children of same-sex couples fare. Determining the extent of consensus has become a key aspect of how social science evidence and testimony is accepted by the courts. Here, we show how a method of analyzing temporal patterns in citation networks can be used to assess the state of social scientific literature as a means to inform just such a question. Patterns of clustering within these citation networks reveal whether and when consensus arises within a scientific field. We find that the literature on outcomes for children of same-sex parents is marked by scientific consensus that they experience “no differences” compared to children from other parental configurations.     

基于HErD分布的信号交叉口车辆到达规律动态预测

为掌握信号交叉口实时优化信号控制和交通诱导所需的车流到达信号交叉口的随机时变规律，利用HErD分布具有无限逼近任意非负随机变量的特性，提出基于HErD分布的信号交叉口车辆到达时间间隔变化规律动态预测的方法，并以一个交叉口的2个进口道进行实例验证分析。实验结果为：其中方向一的拟合度范围为86.17%~ 93.51%，平均拟合度高达9032%，方向二的拟合度范围为93.24%~98.52%，平均拟合度高达9693%，其高精度的拟合结果表明基于HErD分布的信号交叉口车辆到达规律动态预测具有科学性和实用性。     

电子校务在地方高校考务管理中的应用现状及对策

电子校务是国家电子政务建设的重要组成部分，是学校应用现代信息化通信技术、借助互联网对管理和服务进行的优化和创新，电子校务在高校中的应用虽然取得了一定的成效，作为教务管理模块中的考务管理却鲜有被涉及。课程考试是我国高校教务管理工作中的一项重要工作，考务管理则是保证对学生进行有效考核的基础。因此，如何利用先进管理理念和信息化技术手段对考务管理模式进行优化，提高高校人才培养质量，已成为高校亟待研究、解决的问题。     

Strong law of large numbers and complete convergence for non-identically distributed WOD random variables

In this paper, we establish the strong law of large numbers and complete convergence for non-identically distributed WOD random variables. We derive some new inequalities of Fuk–Nagaev type for the sums of non-identically distributed WD random variables. All these results further extend and refine previous ones.     

论作为创新信息系统的专利制度

专利制度发挥着一种受信赖的信息系统之作用，它被视为信息可靠性的保障，降低了发明信息的传递成本和交易成本。它所意欲促进扩散的创新信息不仅指技术信息，还包括与技术相关的非技术信息。非技术信息对于技术扩散也具有重要的意义，但其价值常常被人们漠视，其原因在于人们对专利制度如何促进技术信息扩散的作用机理产生了错误的认识。专利制度不仅应该通过公开充分性制度来实现技术信息的扩散，它还需要通过权利要求解释、侵权救济与权利例外等制度的完善来实现非技术信息的扩散。因此，传统上的“专利公开”概念应该予以拓宽。     

社会化电子商务中卖家与非卖家信息分享行为差异

  目前社会化电子商务对用户分享行为的激励措施单一，缺乏吸引力，急需个性化的、有针对性的激励方式。社会化电子商务网站上，除了普通用户分享产品和购物信息外，一些电子商务卖家也分享产品相关信息以吸引消费者，拥有不同身份属性的用户被不同因素所激励。因此，为了设计个性化的激励方式，社会化电子商务平台需要进一步了解激励用户信息分享行为的关键因素的影响强度是否随着卖家与非卖家身份属性的不同而有所差异。         基于社会认知理论提出影响用户分享行为的关键因素，包括预期个人结果、预期社区结果和自我效能。采用目标理论，认为卖家为自我卷入型用户，非卖家为任务卷入型用户，并对卖家和非卖家不同身份用户的信息分享行为影响因素的差异建立理论研究模型。采用问卷调查法收集1 177位社会化电子商务用户的信息分享意愿及其影响因素的相关数据，运用Spss 19.0进行测量模型和t检验分析，以验证假设。         研究结果表明，结果期望和自我效能对信息分享意愿的影响强度在卖家与非卖家之间有显著的差异，卖家的分享意愿更多地受到预期个人结果和自我效能的影响，非卖家的分享意愿受到预期社区结果的影响。         研究结果拓展了社会化电子商务领域关于信息分享行为的相关研究，为后续研究提供了可能性。建议电子商务网站运营者在制定和实施激励计划时，应充分考虑用户的不同身份属性，有针对性地提供激励，以最大化地鼓励用户参与，保障网站健康发展。